1.2.e Anthropology and Psychology.

Psychology focuses on human mental process such as emotions, memory,perception, intelligence and formation of personality. It has its roots in natural sciences like biology and depends largely on clinical and laboratory experiments.
While anthropology focuses on society and its impact on human beings, psychology focuses on individual and his relation with the society. These overlap where the two fields study human behaviour and personality.
-Both are concerned with human behavior; how they learn and acquire personalities.
-Both contribute to understanding individual, society and culture. They are interested in study of aggression, sexuality, sex roles and intelligence in human beings. Both have come to appreciate the relation between individual cognition and the social beliefs and values.
However they do differ in their scope, subject matter and methodology.
Scope-
While Anthropology is universal in its scope, psychology studies mostly advanced societies.
Subject matter-
In Anthropology, the focus is on society more than the individual.
It studies social behaviour of societies through time and space.
It tends to relate social facts to other social and cultural facts. It ignores relations between social facts and biological facts.
Psychology on the other hand gives equal or more attention to individual than the society.
It studies the state of individual - consciousness, feeling and motivations - in modern societies.
It studies psychological facts wrt biological facts especially when dealing with abnormal state.
Methodology-
Anthropology studies objectively, facts which are external to an individual.
Since it studies interactions between different social institutions the data is largely qualitative; the scope for quantitative data collection is low.
The data is collected using observations and experiments (clinical and laboratory) are not used. When they are used, its to study behaviours of anthropoid apes.
They explain social facts with relation to other social facts and psychic facts are ignored.
Psychology subjectively studies mental facts, which are the deep insides of any human being.
The study of individual cases leads to compilation of an extensive data.
The data is collected by extensive usage of experiments. It is essential to their study. They also use controlled experiments to study behaviour of rats, guinea pigs, monkeys etc, which are then applied to human beings.
They consider phychic and social facts to be the same and both are granted equal improtance.